Special Column-Key Technologies of 5G and Its Evolution

Research on RedCap deployment scheme based on 5G network

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234790

Author:Yan Fei

Author Affilications:China Telecom Co., Ltd., Beijing 100032, China

Abstract: As a lightweight 5G technology, RedCap is a new terminal type defined in the 5G Rel-17 version, which can effectively balance the industry's demand for both technical performance and deployment costs. It is generally believed that the core value of this lightweight 5G technology lies in its integration with the excellent characteristics of NR networks, and the key issue is how to introduce RedCap based on the 5G wireless network already deployed by operators. Considering the current situation of the operators' wireless networks and analyzing the functional characteristics of RedCap related to wireless network side, a wireless network deployment plan after introducing RedCap is proposed, including wireless network upgrade plan, parameter configuration plan, and signaling overhead strategy, etc. It can provide reference for domestic operators in plan formulation and engineering implementation.
Key word:
RedCap
5G wireless network
networking deployment
wireless network upgrade
parameter configuration
signaling overhead

Key technologies and challenges of 6G

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234727

Author:Lu Xujun1,Zheng Jianfei1,Xia Zhu2

Author Affilications:1.China Motion Telecare Co.,Ltd., Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou 311200, China; 2.Hangzhou Uusense Technology Inc., Hangzhou 310000, China

Abstract:6G and future communication system networks will meet the requirements of a world fully connected, and revolutionary technology solutions are expected to drive the rapid growth of smart devices and service applications. This paper conducts in-depth research on topics related to significant technological applications to achieve 6G connectivity goals, including terahertz communication with broader network operations, intelligent communication environment, artificial intelligence, network automation, ambient backscatter communication, Internet of Space Things with cubesats and UAVs, cellular-free massive MIMO communication, and more. The possible problems and challenges arising from the application of the technology are also discussed.
Key word:
6G system application
intelligent communication environment
ambient backscatter communication
Internet of Space Things
cellular-free massive MIMO

Review and Comment

Wi-Fi7 key technology analysis and survey

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234435

Author:Qian Zhihong1,Cheng Gang2

Author Affilications:1.Nokia Shanghai Bell Software Ltd., Shanghai 201206,China;2.Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China

Abstract:So far, IEEE has developed the majority of the next generation Wi-Fi7 standard (i.e. 802.11be). As the new performance flagship of Wi-Fi technology, the Wi-Fi7 is expected to commercialize in 2024 and becomes the mainstream technology of the Wi-Fi market. This paper first outlines the key technical indicators and characteristics of Wi-Fi7, then focuses on introducing and analyzing the principles of multi-link operation technology and multi resource unit technology, as well as the physical layer changes. It also analyzes and discusses the candidate technology evolution towards Wi-Fi8. In the end, it summarizes and prospects the future of Wi-Fi technology.
Key word:
802.11be
Wi-Fi7
multi-link operation
multiple resource unit
6 GHz
Wi-Fi8

Artificial Intelligence

Global channel attention boosted active millimeter wave image object detection

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234502

Author:Jiang Tiantian,Ye Xueyi,Li Gang,Yang Menghao,Chen Huahua

Author Affilications:School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China

Abstract:Due to the low discrimination between objects and background texture in active millimeter wave images and the need for security in real time, a global channel attention booster-based method for active millimeter wave image object detection is proposed. In order to improve attention to the global channel information of the concealed object and improve detection performance when the concealed object could not be distinguished from the background texture, this method uses YOLOv5s as the carrier and adds global channel attention to the position direction of coordinate attention. And the K-Means ++ clustering method is used to create the anchor box for identifying concealed objects in millimeter wave images. The results demonstrate that both for array image dataset and line sweep image dataset, the detection model enhances the attention of hidden objects feature and improves the detection performance on the basis of meeting the security real-time performance.
Key word:
active millimeter wave image detection
global channel attention booster
K-means++
attention mechanism

Microelectronic Technology

Design of a high current LDO based on load tracking technology

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234217

Author:Zhu Qi,Huang Denghua

Author Affilications:The 58th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Wuxi 214072, China

Abstract:This paper presents an effective load tracking compensation scheme to improve the loop stability of high current low-dropout linear regulator (LDO). By the proposed technique, the influence of variable load on the loop stability is eliminated, besides the low frequency loop gain retains to high while the high frequency impedance is greatly attenuated, finally both high output precision and decent transient response performance is achieved simultaneously. Simulated by TSMC 0.18 µm BCD process, the results show that the circuit is capable of delivering load current up to 6 A. For a load step of 6 A/6 μs, the circuit has a maximum undershoot of 36.6 mV and a maximum overshoot of 35.3 mV, the stable time is less than 56.3 μs. The transient performance is greatly improved within the full load current range.
Key word:
low-dropout linear regulator
load tracking
loop gain
transient response

Design of an efficient and reconfigurable 1 024 bit large numbers multiplier

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234199

Author:Su Cheng,Xia Hong

Author Affilications:North China Electric Power University, Beijing 100096,China

Abstract:Large number multiplication is often used in algorithms such as SM9 encryption. In order to solve the problem of high delay and energy consumption in key circuits in large number multiplication, a reconfigurable 1 024 bit multiplier based on pipeline was designed. By using 64 bit multiplication units and 128 bit carry ahead addition units, the final result is generated in 20 cycles, alleviating the delay of the addition part in traditional multipliers, achieving circuit multiplexing, and effectively reducing energy consumption. In the SMIC 0.18 μm process library, the critical circuit has a delay of 2.5 ns, a circuit area of 7.03 mm2, and an energy consumption of 576 mW.
Key word:
large number multiplication
pipeline
Wallace tree
reconfigurable

The designation of solid state drive circuit based on SiP technology

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234276

Author:Yang Chuwei,Zhang Meijuan,Shen Qing

Author Affilications:The 58th Research Institute, CETC , Wuxi 214035 , China

Abstract:The demand for miniaturization and high performance of storage system is increasing day by day. Therefore, this paper designs a solid state drive circuit based on system in package(SiP) technology to verify the feasibility of SiP circuit of storage system. The SiP circuit uses SSD controller module as the core processing unit, integrating NAND for data storage, SPI Flash for firmware storage and power management. The verification of ATA instructions on the hardware and software platform and the performance test compared with the traditional separated storage system prove that the storage system with SiP technology has many advantages, such as high performance, miniaturization and low power, which lays a certain technical foundation for the design and verification of SiP storage system.
Key word:
system in package (SiP)
storage system
SSD controller module
miniaturization

Flash array invalid block management

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234310

Author:Jiao Xinquan1,2,Zhu Zhenlin1,2

Author Affilications:1.Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement,Ministry of Education, North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China; 2.Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China

Abstract:Flash arrays play an important role in data storage today. The key to improve the reliability of Flash array is to propose a reasonable bad management method. For inherently bad blocks, the bad block management method based on integrated block and EEPROM lookup table are proposed. The burst bad block management method based on page skip and page replacement is proposed for the burst bad block management. The experimental analysis shows that the bad block management method improves the reliability of NAND Flash data storage and maximizes the utilization of NAND Flash storage space while ensuring the storage speed.
Key word:
Flash array
inherent bad block
integrated block
burst bad block

Measurement Control Technology and Instruments

Research on timing method of prepayment meter based on edge computing

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234436

Author:Li Jiangchao,Wang Wenqiang,Li Peng,Yuan Yanfang,Xue Binbin,Yang Kewen

Author Affilications:Beijing SmartChip Microelectronics Company Limited , Beijing 100192 , China

Abstract:With the construction of the power IoT and the increasing popularity of smart meters, solving the problem of abnormal clock of meters and correcting the clock deviation of meters has become an increasingly important task for power companies. For prepayment meters with clock deviations exceeding 5 minutes, the current common approach is to correct them through point-to-point cipher text timing. However, the increase in the number of such meters out of tolerance will put a significant burden on the central station's timing work. In response to this issue, drawing on the concept of edge computing, which involves splitting the overall task and allocating parts of it to edge nodes for distributed completion, this article proposes a batch electricity meter calibration method based on edge computing. The method utilizes techniques such as bulk task deployment from the central station and encryption by the edge nodes, enabling batch calibration of clocks with significant differences in electricity meters, reducing the operational pressure on the central station system and improving its efficiency.
Key word:
energy meter
edge computing
clock
timing
batch tasks
trans-encryption
security module

Partial discharge pattern recognition based on EEMD singular value entropy

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234499

Author:Luo Riping1,Luo Yingting2,Lai Shiyu2,Zhao Xianyang3,Wang Liqi4

Author Affilications:1.China Southern Power Grid Scientific Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510700, China; 2.Electirc Power Research Insitute of Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510080, China; 3.State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Heze Power Supply Co., Ltd., Heze 274000, China; 4.School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 201306, China

Abstract:Aiming at the non-stationary of gas insulatede switchgear(GIS) partial discharge fault signal and the low accuracy of discharge type recognition, a partial discharge pattern recognition method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) singular value entropy is proposed. Firstly, the EEMD algorithm is used to decompose the original signals of partial discharge to intrinsic mode functions(IMFs), according to the mean square error, kurtosis and euclidean distance evaluation index, the optimal modal component with most implicit discharge information is selected for signal reconstruction. Secondly, the singular value decomposition is performed on the reconstructed signal, and the singular value entropy is calculated in combination with the information entropy algorithm. Finally, according to the singular value entropy, the type of GIS partial discharge is distinguished. The experiment results show that by comparing with the traditional EMD singular value entropy and VMD singular value entropy algorithms, the method in this paper can effectively identify the discharge type through the singular entropy values in different intervals.
Key word:
EEMD
singular value entropy
evaluation index
partial discharge
pattern recognition

Development and application of silicon semiconductor γ dose rate monitor

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234559

Author:Xu Shaoyi,Li Wei,Liu Xiang

Author Affilications:Instrument & Control Department of Jiangsu Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222042, China

Abstract:Silicon semiconductor γ dose rate monitor is widely used in the radioactivity measurement of nuclear facilities. Based on the ongoing localization research and development project, this paper introduces overall design and development of the γ silicon semiconductor dose rate monitor, the main hardware design and software function design of the instrument. At the same time, the main technical parameters of the silicon semiconductor and the gas detector are compared. The self-developed silicon semiconductor γ dose rate monitor can meet the monitoring requirements of different reactor types and has a good application prospect.
Key word:
silicon semiconductor
γ dose rate monitor

Communication and Network

A privacy-preserving scheme supporting efficient task assignment in spatial crowdsourcing

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234507

Author:Li Weijia1,Li Junyi2,Gong Zhimao2,Tan Xiangjie2

Author Affilications:1.Office of Informatization, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; 2.College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

Abstract:The location leakage problem in spatial crowdsourcing has attracted a lot of attention from academia and industry in recent years. Facing this challenge, some privacy-preserving schemes have been proposed to protect the location information of participants in task assignment. However, these schemes have limitations in terms of efficiency. To address this problem, an efficient privacy-preserving scheme is proposed in this paper, in which a grid-index Quadtree structure is used to achieve efficient and stable task assignment and a symmetric hidden vector encryption algorithm is employed to protect the privacy of participants. Extensive simulation experiments based on a real dataset show that the scheme can support efficient task assignment services.
Key word:
spatial crowdsourcing
privacy-preserving
searchable encryption
task assignment

Heterogeneous networking and simulation implementation for distributed “source-load-storage” resource collaborative interaction

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.233899

Author:Song Yanbin1,Wang Wanqiao1,Zhang Hui1,Guan Luyao1,Ding Huixia1,Gao Kaiqiang1,Yao Xianjiong2,Xiang Jiani2

Author Affilications:1.China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100192, China; 2.State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company, Shanghai 200030, China

Abstract:To effectively improve the collaborative interaction ability of massive distributed “source-load-storage” resources in the new power system, this paper develops heterogeneous networking and simulation implementation for distributed “source-load-storage” resource collaborative interaction. The “three-layers and two-networks” distributed resource collaborative interactive network architecture is constructed. Based on the analysis of typical modeling requirements of interactive services such as peak regulation, frequency modulation and demand response, a distributed resource cooperative interactive communication network model is established through OMNeT++ platform, and a communication simulation platform is built according to the actual operating characteristics of the network, realizing the multi-scenario simulation of the performance of distributed “source-load-storage” resource cooperative interactive network. This provides a quantitative analysis tool for the development of distributed resource cooperative interaction services and plays an important supporting role in the construction of new power system and the improvement of new energy consumption capacity.
Key word:
new power system
distributed “source-load-storage” resource
collaborative interaction
heterogeneous networking
cloud-edge collaboration

Computer Technology and Its Applications

Pavement crack detection method based on improved YOLOv5

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234577

Author:Wang Xiangqian1,Cheng Gaoli1,Hu Peng2,Xia Xiaohua2

Author Affilications:1.Shanxi Expressway Mechanization Engineering Limited Company, Xi′an 710038, China; 2.National Engineering Research Center of Highway Maintenance Equipment, Chang′an University, Xi′an, 710064,China

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that the existing crack detection model is large in size and the detection accuracy is not high, this paper proposes a crack detection method for UAV aerial images based on lightweight network. Firstly, the MobileNetv3 network is used instead of the YOLOv5 backbone network to reduce the model size. Secondly, the C3TR and CBAM modules are introduced to improve the network characterization ability, and the loss function is replaced with EIOU to improve the robustness of the model. Experimental results show that the proposed method obtains 98.9% accuracy on the self-made dataset, which is 1.2% higher than the original YOLOv5, the model size is reduced by 51.5%, and the detection speed is increased by 37%. The improved model is superior to four common crack detection models such as Faster-RCNN in terms of accuracy, size and speed, which meets the real-time, lightweight and accuracy requirements of crack detection.
Key word:
road surface crack detection
YOLOv5
object detection
C3TR
CBAM
EIOU

A real-time regional assimilation system of multi-source data of microwave temperature sounder onboard polar-orbiting satellites

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234606

Author:Xi Shuang1,2,3,4,Yu Tianlei3,4,5,Ren Suling2,3,4,Zhang Liyang2,3,4,Tang Shihao2,3,4

Author Affilications:1.Satellite Assimilation Division, Center for Earth System Modelling and Prediction of CMA, Beijing, 100086, China; 2.Office of Remote Sensing Application, National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China; 3.Innovation Center for Fengyun Meteorological Satellite, Beijing 100081, China; 4.Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China; 5.Satellite Meteorological Research Division, National Satellite Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081, China

Abstract:A real-time assimilation was realized, based on the meso-scale numerical prediction model WRF and WRFDA assimilation system,for data of microwave temperature sounder onboard polar-orbiting satellites, along with preliminary evaluation and application of the assimilation products. The results of assimilation experiments in 2018 show that: the standard deviations of O-B (the differences between observations and the forward radiative transfer model simulations of background) of channels 5~9 of AMSU-A data are reduced effectively. After assimilation, the standard deviations of O-A (the differences between observations and the forward radiative transfer model simulations of analysis) for each channel are also decreased. The application results of the outputs of assimilation and forecast are satisfactory on heavy rain and severe convection cases and typhoon cases.
Key word:
satellite data assimilation
regional numerical weather prediction
polar-orbiting meteorological satellite
satellite microwave observation

Construction on labor education platform based on RuoYi-Cloud

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234509

Author:Zhang Jiaming1,Zhou Jie1,2,Zhou Beiping3

Author Affilications:1.School of Electronic & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; 2.Faculty of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; 3.Library, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Abstract:In order to help students learn labor culture and carry out labor practice, and assist teachers to accurately arrange and conduct labor teaching activities, a labor education system based on RuoYi-Cloud framework is designed and implemented with functions of labor education management, class selection management, online learning, academic warning, system monitoring, data analysis, etc. The use of the RuoYi-Cloud framework reduces the cost of development and maintenance, and improves the development efficiency. Adopting microservice architecture, it realizes user-friendly interface and highly scalable back-end functions, optimizes system response time and resource utilization to ensure efficient system operation, and provides a good foundation for future functionality expansion with system flexibility and scalability. The system provides a reliable solution for the implementation of labor education. Through the practical application of the system and user feedback, the system has a certain reference value for the field of labor education.
Key word:
workforce education
RuoYi-Cloud
microservices
low-code

Embedded Technology

The CORDIC algorithm for high-speed image rotation on FPGA platform

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234288

Author:Gao Yujie1,Li Wusen1,Qi Yunfei2,Chen Wenjian1

Author Affilications:1.School of Electronic and Optical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China; 2.Faculty of Data Science, City University of Macau,Macau 999078,China

Abstract:The Coordinate Rotation Digital Algorithm (CORDIC) was widely used in racemic systems, camera frames and other applications. Based on the analysis of the traditional CORDIC algorithm, a method of recoding prediction and multi-times iterative optimization was proposed, simulated with MATLAB, verified and compared with FPGA on VIVADO. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional CORDIC algorithm and the VIVADO CORDIC IP core, the optimization here significantly reduced the iteration times, consumed less resources, and the calculation accuracy also be improved.
Key word:
image rotation
coordinate rotation digital algorithm
re-coding prediction
multi-times iterative

Commercial Aerospace

Design of high-gain wideband high directivity array antenna for satellite communication system

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234103

Author:Jin Yuting,Xing Sirui,An Xiangdong,Wu Jian

Author Affilications:Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130000, China

Abstract:To meet the satellite requirements for electromagnetic wave transmission in X-band communication system, a new X-band high-gain wideband high directivity microstrip array antenna is designed by selecting different antenna types. The performance of the antenna is improved by various technical means in the form of plane multilayer plates. The array antenna adopts the side fed energy input mode and the multi-layer slot coupling feed design to improve the antenna bandwidth. At the same time, the radiation layer and the feed network layer are separated to reduce the electromagnetic wave crosstalk and improve the simplicity of the separation design. The metal reflection layer is added to improve the antenna forward gain and front to back ratio. According to the project, the 64 elements and 256 elements rectangular array antenna are designed. The machining test results of two kinds antennas are basically consistent with the simulation results. The antenna achieves performance indicators such as high gain, broadband and high directivity, which is of some significance to the design of X-band satellite-earth wireless communication system.
Key word:
microstrip array antenna
X-band
high-gain
wideband
high directivity

Research and implementation of Turbo decoding SOVA algorithm

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234148

Author:Wang Danfei1,Song Junkang2,Xia Huining1

Author Affilications:1.Beijing Aerospace Yuxing Technology Co.,Ltd., Zhengzhou 450018, China; 2.Guangxi Minzu Normal University, Chongzuo 532200, China

Abstract:For the application requirements of low-orbit satellite communication, in order to reduce interference and load, convolutional codes, Turbo codes and other channel coding methods are usually used to improve the reliability of transmission. Turbo code is an excellent channel code with close to Shannon's limit theorem. SOVA decoding is one of the decoding methods of Turbo codes. Taking Turbo code recommended by CCSDS as an example, this paper studies the function and usage of grid graph in the process of SOVA decoding, and compares it with Viterbi decoding. Based on the grid graph, the principle and implementation steps of SOVA decoding are described in detail. Finally, the implementation process of SOVA decoding is verified by simulation. The method has been applied to the project, and the good channel coding gain is obtained simply by testing.
Key word:
CCSDS
SOVA
grid diagram
satellite communication

Graphene film achieves electrostatic protection of ultra-high voltage solar array

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.233973

Author:Zhang Qi,Lan Zhicheng,Cui Xinyu,Zhang Wei

Author Affilications:Tianjin Institute of Power Source, Tianjin 300381, China

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that the solar array of space power station is prone to electrostatic damage under ultra-high voltage, a graphene transparent conductive film with high transmittance and conductivity is developed to realize zero potential on the packaging surface of the fully flexible solar cell module, and achieve the purpose of charge release. Under the experimental conditions of 750 V ultra-high voltage, the fully flexible solar cell modules encapsulated by graphene film did not show electrostatic discharge and the electrical properties of the solar cell modules did not change, which proved the ability of graphene film in electrostatic protection under ultra-high voltage condition.
Key word:
graphene
fully flexible solar array
ultra-high voltage
electrostatic protection

Key Technologies of 5G and Its Evolution

Key Technologies of 5G and Its Evolution

High Performance Computing

Processing and Application of Marine Target Characteristic Data

Smart Power

Antenna Technology and Its Applications

Smart Agriculture

5G-Advanced and 6G

5G Vertical Industry Application

Microelectronics in Medical and Healthcare

Key Technologies for 6G

Application of Edge Computing in IIoT

Deep Learning and Image Recognization

6G Microwave Millimeter-wave Technology

Radar Processing Technology and Evaluation

Space-Ground Integrated Technology

Industrial Ethernet Network

5G Vertical Industry Application

High Performance Computing

Innovation and Application of PKS System

FPGA and Artificial Intelligence

5G Network Construction and Optimization

RF and Microwave

Edge Computing

Network and Business Requirements for 6G

5G and Intelligent Transportation

5G R16 Core Network Evolution Technology

Satellite Nevigation Technology

5G R16 Evolution Technology

5G Wireless Network Evolution Technology

5G Network Planning Technology

5G Indoor Coverage Technology

5G MEC and Its Applications

5G Co-construction and Sharing Technology

Expert Forum

5G and Emergency Communication

5G Slicing Technology and Its Applications

Industrial Internet

5G Terminal Key Realization Technology

5G and Artificial Intelligence

5G and Internet of Vehicles

Terahertz Technology and Its Application

Signal and Information Processing

Artificial Intelligence

5G Communication

Internet of Things and the Industrial Big Data

Electronic Techniques of UAV System

Power Electronic Technology

Medical Electronics

Aerospace Electronic Technology

Robot and Industrial Automation

ADAS Technique and Its Implementation

Heterogeneous Computing

2016 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Microsystems

ARINC859 Bus Technology

FC Network Technology

Measurement and Control Technology of Bus Network

GJB288A Bus

Key Techniques of 5G and Algorthm Implement

IEEE-1394 Bus

Signal Conditioning Technology of Sensors

AFDX Network Technology

Discrete Signal Processing

Energy-Efficient Computing

Motor control

2012 Altera Electronic Design Article Contest