Home > Archive > 2017 No. 01

2017 No. 01

Publish Date：2017-01-06
ISSN：0258-7998
CN：11-2305/TN
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Microelectronic Technology

Study on reliability of different Sn-Pb bumps with high temperature storage

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.002

Author：Wen Huidong，Lin Pengrong，Cao Yusheng，Lian Binhao，Wang Yong，Yao Quanbin

Author Affilications：Beijing Microelectronics Technology Institution，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：With the increasing density of integrated circuit packages, the traditional wire bonding has been unable to meet the requirements，the flip-chip technology emerges and has been widely used. High temperature storage has a significant influence on the bump reliability, after which the interfacial compound and grains of the bump will change obviously. In this paper, different components of Sn-Pb bumps are taken as research objects, and impacts of high temperature on bump reliability are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: 10Sn90Pb bump has a lower fluctuation range in the bump shear strength; the more content of Sn, the thicker interfacial IMC will inform, and the IMC of 63Sn37Pb bump is the most obvious; 63Sn37Pb bump has a faster growth rate and obvious grain coursing.
Key word：
flip chip
Sn-Pb bump
high temperature
reliability
View(6154)

The characteristic comparison and simulation of 4H-SiC MESFET

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.003

Author：Hou Bin，Xing Ding，Zhang Zhanguo，Zang Jichao，Ma Lei

Author Affilications：The 771 Institute of the Ninth Research Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation，Xi′an 710000，China

Abstract：Comparing the DC characteristic of double recessed gate structure and stepped gate structure of 4H-SiC MESFET, the DC characteristic of double gate structure are better than the step gate structure. The structure and characteristic parameter of EPCG of slope gate 4H-SiC MESFET bring forward through limiting the step gate structure. Simulating the DC characteristic of slope gate 4H-SiC MESFET when the gate proportion is 1/4、1/2、3/4 and all gate，the result shows that the saturated maximum leakage current is obtained when the gate proportion is 1/2. The maximum leakage current achieves 545 mA in condition of VG=0 V、VDS=40 V. The maximum saturated leakage which the gate proportion is 1/2 is larger than gate proportion is 1/4、3/4 and all gate.
Key word：
simulation
4H-SiC MESFET
stepped gate
slope gate
View(8324)

Ceramic package co-design of 2.5 GS/s high speed DAC

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.004

Author：Wang Dejing1，2，Zhao Yuanfu1，2，Yao Quanbin1，2，Cao Yusheng1，2，Lian Binhao1，2，Hu Peifeng1，2

Author Affilications：1.Beijing MXTronics Corporation，Beijing 100076，China；2.Beijing Microelectronics Technology Institute，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：As very large scale IC towards high density and high frequency, high speed signal reliable transmission becomes the key of package electrical design. Using the co-design method of die, PCB and package, this paper completes ceramic package of a 14 bit、2.5 GS/s DAC. The insertion loss of critical differential signal can keep above -0.8 dB in the frequency of 2.5 GHz, the transmission demand of high speed signal is satisfied. Then, using system-central co-design and co-simulation, the transmission paths from bump to PCB are simulated and optimized, the transmission loss and the impedance of PDN are reduced effectively.
Key word：
high speed DAC
ceramic package
co-design and co-simulation
insertion loss
impedance of PDN
View(7744)

The multi-peak phenomenon in 65 nm inverters single event transient pulse width distribution

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.005

Author：Liu Jiaqi1，Zhao Yuanfu1，2，Wang Liang1，Zheng Hongchao1，Shu Lei2，Li Tongde1

Author Affilications：1.Beijing Microelectronics Technology Institute，Beijing 100076，China；2.Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001，China

Abstract：Single Event Transient(SET) pulse widths of 65 nm inverters are measured under heavy ion irradiation. The multi-peak phenomenon of SET pulse width distribution found in the experiment is analyzed. The influence of Linear Energy Transfer(LET), temperature and threshold voltage on the pulse width multi-peak in inverter chains are discussed in detail. TCAD simulation is used to analyze the cause of multi-peak phenomenon and the parasitic bipolar effect in PMOS is believed the reason. Owing to the parasitic bipolar effect, the pulse width of PMOS under high LET particles increases while the pulse width of NMOS changes little. Therefore the distribution of pulse width shows multi-peak. Parasitic bipolar effect intensifies at high-temperature, so the multi-peak of pulse width distribution at high-temperature tends to be more obvious.
Key word：
single event transient
multi-peak
65 nm inverter
View(5622)

Optimization design and application of transistor field ring termination technology

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.006

Author：Li Zhao，Zhang Zhanguo，Gao Bo，Chang Zhengyang，Huang Shanpu

Author Affilications：The 771 Institute of the Ninth Research Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation，Xi′an 710000，China

Abstract：This paper mainly studies the transistor floating field ring technology principle and design optimization and its effect in the actual application of the transistor voltage performance. In this paper, the actual product layout design is adopted in the design of floating field ring and by optimizing the field ring spacing to meet the requirements of high voltage transistors, and the process and device simulation are realized by Silvaco software. Some optimization designs are made with the floating field ring according to the simulation results and theoretical calculation，and the improvement on the transistor voltage performance is verified through the actual product results.
Key word：
floating field ring
high withstand voltage
field ring optimization
field ring spacing
View(6628)

Reliability design of space thick-film SSPC based on transient thermal simulation

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.007

Author：Zhang Yu1，Guo Kun2

Author Affilications：1.Beijing Satellite Manufacturing Plant，Beijing 100080，China； 2.Beijing Space Power Conversion and Control Engineering Research Center，Bejing 100080，China

Abstract：The object of study in this paper is solid state power controller that is developmentded in Beijing satellite manufacturing plant. The working principle，thermal simulation and theoretical calculation of thermal resistance of products are given. Three extreme transient conditions are described，that is load short ciruit，capacitive loading and load short circuit after opening in the use of products. Thansient thermal simulation analysis is carried out for this transient working condition.The maximum temperature and relative thermal state characteristics of the MOS-chip are exatracted under transient conditions，which optimizes of product design，and improves the reliability of the use of products.
Key word：
thick-film SSPC
transient
thermal simulation
reliability
View(11908)

Synchronization technology for TMR circuits across clock domains based on FPGA

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.008

Author：Lai Xiaomin，Pan Pengjun，Luo Huanlin，Sun Cong，Zhu Xinzong

Author Affilications：Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute，Shanghai 201109，China

Abstract：The cross-clock domain signal of triple modular redundant(TMR) circuits may be influenced by the combination of signal deviation and single particle effects in space(SEE). This article will analyze and quantify the two issues through mathematic models , and supply corresponding solutions according the difference between long and short pulse width signals.
Key word：
triple modular redundancy
asynchronous signal
signal deviation
combined effects
sampling uncertainty
View(12732)

Application of TM/TC data flow based on CCSDS packet routing in avionics system

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.009

Author：Peng Fei，Yang Lu，Wu Jie，Li Yi，Peng Xiaoyan

Author Affilications：Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute，Shanghai 201109，China

Abstract：A kind of avionics system architecture based on CCSDS packet routing is studied.And the application of the telecontrol and telemetry data flow in this architecture is introduced. This paper puts forward the engineering application of the TM/TC packet broadcast and route transmit module. The research shows that this application not only ensures the reliability and integrity of the avionics data flow, but also helps the universalization and modularization of the avionics hardware modules.
Key word：
avionics
CCSDS packet
data flow
multilayer telecommand
View(6922)

Design of a CMOS broad band LC VCO with constant voltage gain

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.010

Author：Tian Mi1，Han Tingting1，Wang Zhigong2

Author Affilications：1.Nanjing Electronic Equipment Institute of China Aerospace Science & Industry Corp，Nanjing 210007，China； 2.Institute of RF & OE ICs of Southeast University，Nanjing 210096，China

Abstract：A broad band LC VCO with constant voltage gain was designed in SMIC 0.18 μm Mixed Signal CMOS process. This work applied an amplitude negative feedback in analog way to control the bias current of the designed VCO, thus to realize the constant voltage gain. Meanwhile, single-pole double-throw switches were employed to turn on/off the varactor array, thus to realize the equal space between different frequency bands. The post simulation shows that the designed LC VCO has a frequency tune range of 2.15~3.03 GHz, in which the voltage gain is 70~80 MHz/V，and the phase noise is better than -120.0 dBc/Hz@1 MHz.
Key word：
LC VCO
amplitude negative feedback
voltage gain
View(4790)

An improved high performance architecture of processor network subsystem

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.012

Author：Li Longfei，Shi Yangchun,Wang Jianfeng，He Zhanzhuang

Author Affilications：Department of Integrated Circuit Design，Xi′an Microelectronics Technology Institute，Xi′an 710065，China

Abstract：Traditional architectural designs are normally focused on CPU and network subsystem have been a performance bottleneck for high speed network processing. Aiming at solving long transmitting latency and promoting I/O performance, an improved network subsystem architecture was proposed. This architecture, by shifting BD management from NICs to an on-chip BD engine in CPU, allowed BD management to have very fast access to descriptors and keeps packets in CPU cache instead of NIC buffers, significantly simplifying NICs. Simulation platforms were set up based on Simics. Experimental results show that the architecture we put forward not only improves the network processing efficiency, but also eliminates CPU workload, keeps good balance between performance and resource compared with traditional network subsystem architecture.
Key word：
NIC
network subsystem
BD management
BD Engine
View(4490)

Heterogeneous multi-core SoC architecture exploration of SAR radar digital system

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.013

Author：Song Liguo1，Hu Chengxiu2，Qi Hongliang1

Author Affilications：1.Beijing Microelectronics Institute of Technology，Beijing 100076，China； 2.Beijing Aerospace Institute of Systems Engineering，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：The SAR system framework which is used on space device is firstly presented and analyses were conducted on this framework. The function of real time processing could not be realized by available chips, it is necessary and urgently to research high performance multi-core processor. Then, a new heterogeneous multi-core SoC(System on a Chip) which is designed for SAR radar signal processing is introduced. The advanced technology of network on chip(NoC) is adopted in the heterogeneous multi-core SoC, and multi-layer mesh buses are integrated in it. There are two transfer modes supported by the bus: dynamic transfer used for data packets and static transfer used for data stream. Finally, the SoC compares performance and power with other traditional DSP, and the processing result is given.
Key word：
heterogeneous multi-core
SoC
SAR
radar
View(10400)

The SEFI test method of 65 nm radiation-hardened on-board GNSS receiver ASIC

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.014

Author：Li Mengliang，Yue Lipeng，Zhang Jianjun，Zheng Hongchao

Author Affilications：772 Research Institution，China Space Electronic Technology Academy，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：Since the serious single event upset(SEU) effect of Xilinx 6 million gates FPGA in orbit, a self-reliance radiation-hardened GNSS receiver ASIC is the most efficient way when developing the radiation-hardened GNSS receiver. Based on the key project “XX-2” of the CAST, the on-board radiation-hardened GNSS receiver ASIC of 12 million gates is implemented with the 65 nm radiation-hardened cells on the single chip, which is the first domestic 65 nm radiation-hardened ASIC. However, the single event function interruption(SEFI) measurement is a problem for this new, large scale, function complex ASIC. By simulating the GNSS digital IF signal input and the DSP configuration data, some important data that decides SEU/SEFI is read out through the EMIF interface. This paper also designs SEFI decision principles and the corresponding radiation test scheme.
Key word：
GNSS receiver
EMIF interface
radiation test
SEFI
View(11000)

Research on the reliability of clock-gating clock in digital integrated circuits

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.016

Author：Yu Xiankun，Jiang Shuang，Wang Lei，Wang Li，Peng Bin

Author Affilications：The772 Institute of the Ninth Research Institute，China Aerospace Science and Technology Group，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：In the design of Very Large Integrated Circuits(VLSI), clock gating technology is the most commonly used low power design technology.However, due to the specificity and sensitivity of the clock signal, the clock gating design is very easy to cause functional errors, timing deterioration and the reducement of the test coverage. Aiming at these three risk of the clock gating, this paper presents many optimization techniques, including the check and elimination of the asynchronous clock, the clock gating optimization technology of the design for test, and the timing optimization technology in the clock gating design, which can ensure the maximization for reducing power of the digital integrated circuit design as a result of the clock gating, and avoid the risk of design and improve the reliability of the circuit at the same time.
Key word：
low power design
clock gating
asynchronous timing
design for test
timing optimization
View(11888)

Design of a high-resolution time-to-digital converter chip based on ring oscillator

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.017

Author：Jiang Anping，Niu Yanbo，Hu Wenrui，Hu Guicai，Wu Xiaojing，Liu Liquan，Liu Lili，He Yu

Author Affilications：Beijing Microelectronics Technology Institute，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：High-precision time measurement technology has many important applications in space exploration, high-energy physics and measurement of speed, flow volume, distance, etc. A chip for this function is usually named Time-to-Digital converter(TDC). Several schemes and techniques are analyzed and design of a TDC chip based on ring oscillator is presented in this paper. The TDC chip is implemented in 0.18 μm 1P5M CMOS technology. Test results show the resolution of measurement is 52 ps. The TDC chip can be used in different kind of measurement, such as flow volume, temperature, distance, etc.
Key word：
time measurement
time-to-digital converter(TDC)
tapped delay line
ring oscillator(RO)
View(15822)

A low power pipelined ADC with improved MDAC

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.018

Author：Yang Long，Wang Zongmin

Author Affilications：Beijing Microelectronics Tech. Institution，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：The design of a low power 16-bit 100 MS/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter(ADC) is presented in this paper. The area of sampling capacitor and the chip is reduced by adopting stage scaling technology and optimizing the structure of multiply digital-to-analog converter(MDAC). Low power dissipation and high performance operational trans-conductance amplifiers(OTA) in the first two pipelined stages are realized by using dynamic biasing technology. This work is implemented in 0.18 μm mixture signal CMOS process with a 1.8 V power supply. The pipelined ADC exhibits 91.9 dB SFDR and 74.2 dB SNDR, consuming 210 mW with 5 MHz differential input signal.
Key word：
low power OTA
MDAC
dynamic biasing
pipelined ADC
View(6730)

Research on time synchronization technology and scheduling mechanism

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.019

Author：Yan Pan，Zhang Qirong，Quan Haiyang

Author Affilications：Beijing Microelectronics Technology Research Institute，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：TTEthernet possesses high bandwidth, high reliability, high real-time performance, high compatibility meet the demand of future avionics applications of low weight, high reliability, easy testing, low cost-effectiveness, rapid development. As a result, it has been widely recognized by the domestic space institute. The key of TTEthernet is time synchronization technology and scheduling mechanism. The time synchronization mechanism provides a clock synchronization method with less resource consumption, easy implementation and high reliability. The scheduling provides efficient, conflict free schedule .This paper analyzed the principle of time synchronization and scheduling technology and proposed the realized method and pointed out the influencing factors and development direction.
Key word：
TTE
time synchronization
TDMA scheduler
View(12658)

A digital temperature compensated crystal oscillator of real-time clock application

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.020

Author：Sun Jingyao，He Yu，Li Xuemei

Author Affilications：Beijing MXTronics Corporation，Beijing 100076，China

Abstract：A precise clock signal is important for FPGA,microprocessor,microcontroller and etc. Many factors such as maturing,noise,temperature and so on have influence on time clock which is generated from oscillating circuit. A temperature insensitivity clock signal is widespread used in many field like navigation,radar,radio communication and satellite communications. A digital temperature compensated crystal oscillator(DTCXO) of real-time clock(RTC) application is proposed in this paper. The temperature sensing circuit and successive approximation analog to digital converter(SAR ADC) work together to monitor the environment temperature variation. The value of load capacitance is changed according to the datas from tuning fork X′tal characteristic test which is stored in the EEPROM. The frequency swing of oscillator is only 5% from -40 ℃ to +85 ℃ in the result.
Key word：
digital temperature compensated crystal oscillator
temperature compensated circuit
real time clock
successive approximation analog to digital converter
temperature sensing circuit
tuning fork X′tal
View(8004)

Research of clock domain crossing problems and a verification method

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.011

Author：Wang Fei，Zhang Shasha，Wang Xi

Author Affilications：771 Institute of China Aerospace，Xi′an 710119，China

Abstract：The FPGA design used in aerospace is becoming more and more complex, which includes the appearance of multi clock domain in design. The issue with metastability will arise when a signal traverses from one clock domain into another。Although the metastability exists widely, it is difficult to locate the issue based on traditional verification methods, including function simulation and timing simulation. This essay will propose a hierarchical and multi-mode verification method for clock domain crossing, which provides a strong reference for analyzing clock domain crossing issue.
Key word：
FPGA
clock domain crossing
metastable
verification method
View(8118)

3D-Stacked memory module temperature monitoring and fault analysis tchnology

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.015

Author：Li Menglin，Zheng Dongfei

Author Affilications：Xi′an Microelectronics Technology Institute，Xi′an 710054，China

Abstract：This paper presents one method which can menitor the temperature of 3D-Stacked memory module during full- temperature test. The method measures the pin forward voltage drop of parasitic diodes of the module use ATE test equipment.It can also be used for fault analysis of open failure of memory parallel pins. In this paper, we can get the linear relationship between the memory multi-pin parallel structure diode forward voltage drop and the temperature by the theoretical derivation，and have verificated it through experiments.
Key word：
3D-Stacked memory
contact test
temperature monitoring
fault analysis
View(2778)

Experimental research of transient dose rate effect on multiple voltage integrated circuits

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.001

Author：Li Tongde1，Zhao Yuanfu1，2，Wang Liang1，Zheng Hongchao1，Shu Lei2，Liu Jiaqi1，Yu Chunqing1

Author Affilications：1.Beijing Microelectronics Technology Institute，Beijing 100076，China；2.Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001，China

Abstract：Transient dose rate radiation causes various degrees of impact on integrated circuits, disturbance, upset, latch-up and burnout are generated. Transient γ dose rate irradiation experiment of a two kinds of power supply voltage SRAM circuits based on “Qiangguang-I” accelerator is studied. The recovery time of core voltage and the recovery time of IO voltage are researched; the recovery time of IO voltage is superior to core voltage. The experiment results are analyzed. The finding has certain guidance significance for the assessment and hardening of transient dose rate effect on multiple voltage integrated circuits.
Key word：
transient dose rate
multiple voltage
γ pulse
disturb
View(1892)

Embedded Technology

Design and implementation of time synchronization system of mine IoT

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.021

Author：Wei Yamin1，2，Li Yi1，2，Zhang Shen2，Zhang Ran1，2

Author Affilications：1.School of Information and Electrical Engineering，China University of Mining and Technology，Xuzhou 221008，China； 2.Internet of Things Perception Mine Research Center，China University of Mining and Technology，Xuzhou 221008，China

Abstract：According to the requirement of time synchronization of different accuracy for the existing business of underground mine, in this paper, a new design of time synchronization system based on mine Internet of Things technology is proposed. The synchronization hardware device is implemented by using STM32F407 chip system, lightweight TCP/IP stack(LWIP) and PTP daemon, and optimized by the method of noise filtering. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is stable and reliable, and can reach nanosecond synchronization precision in back to back state.
Key word：
mine IoT
time synchronization
SoC
LWIP
PTPd protocol stack
View(8534)

Home-automation indoor air quality testing and evaluating based on improved PSO-TSFNN

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.022

Author：Chen Shuangye，Xu Wenzheng，Ding Shuangchun，Xian Yaoshan

Author Affilications：College of Electronic Information and Control Engineering，Beijing University of Technology，Beijing 100124，China

Abstract：Evaluation of indoor air quality can be influenced by multi-factors and stochastic fluctuation. An improved T-S fuzzy neural network algorithm based on PSO is proposed to evalute the status of air quality in this paper. According to the GB/T18883-2002, the indoor pollution factor representative will be selected and the standard evaluation form will be built. The network will be trained and tested by standard evaluation form and then available evaluation model is generated. The results show that the model has a great practical value in providing objective and reliable evaluation for indoor air quality, and guaranteeing for the smart home indoor air quality monitoring.
Key word：
particle swarm
T-S fuzzy neural network
indoor air quality assessment
smart home
View(8296)

The complex battlefield electromagnetic environment simulation on RF level

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.023

Author：Bai Yu1，Yang Binbin1，Yang Chengzhi2，Wang Long2

Author Affilications：1.School of Electronic and Information，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang 110136，China； 2.Department of Electronic Countermeasures，Aviation University of Air Force，Changchun 130022，China

Abstract：The complex battlefield electromagnetic environment has made a serious ordeal for how to effectively evaluate the viability of the existing electronic equipment and training the personnel of EW equipment operator. A simulation thought of combine tactical and technical was proposed, with which a high fidelity of battlefield electromagnetic environment simulation system that tactical layer combined with signal simulation was realized. The typical operational scenarios tactics and behavior model of target radiation source were studied, combined with the database of target radiation source, the PDW of signal source was updated timely to FPGA board by the high speed serial bus PCIE, with the method of DDS, the high speed DAC was driven by FPGA to produce no less than 20 complex modulation baseband radar signals. The method has been successfully applied to the design of a certain type of battlefield electromagnetic environment simulation system.
Key word：
battlefield
FPGA
DDS
high speed DAC
View(10206)

Wireless medical endoscope system design based on OpenWrt

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.024

Author：Ji Xiaodi，Luo Liwen

Author Affilications：School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200240，China

Abstract：The paper introduces a portable medical endoscopy device based on a wireless SoC system running under the OpenWrt operating system. The device connects externally to a USB camera equipped with CMOS sensors, video processing circuit and LED lights. The system contains video acquisition that acquisites data using MJPG-streamer and transfers video to the host through WiFi. The doctors can get the image information in real time and record video as required. The system also has function of dimming by a touch pad. The snapshot can be uploaded to the host on pushing the button. The portable design has wide applications and can be easily sterilized. This design can effectively improve the quality of surgery operation.
Key word：
wireless
OpenWrt
video acquisition
medical endoscope
View(10230)

Measurement Control Technology and Instruments

Design of a circuit based on fNIRS and SiPM in cerebral oxygen detection

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.025

Author：Wu Kai，Liu Yan，Tong Baotong，Xing Xiaoman，Dai Yakang

Author Affilications：Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Suzhou 215163，China

Abstract：As one of the detection of brain function, cerebral oxygen detection is an essential research tool in the field of cognitive neuroscience and biomedical science. One of the research method, function near-infrared spectroscopy，shows excellent absorption and scattering in biological tissue that achieves information about cerebral oxygen by oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin. Silicon photomultiplier is a rising type of photoelectric detector that has a small footprint but also a high gain and operating in low power and is insensitive to magnetic fields. In order to detect the change of cerebral oxygen, this paper designs a detection circuit based on fNIRS and SiPM and verifies the performance of the circuit meeting the demand by forearm blocking experiments.
Key word：
function near-infrared spectroscopy
oxygenated hemoglobin
deoxygenated hemoglobin
silicon photomultiplier
View(9450)

Design and simulation of an improved M-BUS host interface circuit

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.026

Author：Hu Bijun，Liang Huaguo，Yi Maoxiang，Xu Dawen，Xu Xiumin

Author Affilications：School of Electronic Science & Applied Physics，Hefei University of Technology，Hefei 230009，China

Abstract：M-BUS(Meter Bus) is widely used in the communication of instruments or sensors with the characteristics of remote power supply and free topology, while its loading capacity and receiving capability are two key factors in limiting its scope of application. The improvements of an existing high-driving transmission circuit and a traditional host receiving circuit were respectively carried out on the host side. The reliability of the transmission circuit was improved by adjusting the structure of the circuit while the high driving force of the circuit was maintained. It added the MOS tube driving circuit and the gate protection circuit, and improved closing function of the circuit. A differential amplifier to preprocess the received signal was adopted in the receiving circuit, which improved the anti-jamming capability and the adaptability to changing load. The transceiver circuit is simulated, and the experimental results indicate that the performance of the transceiver is improved.
Key word：
meter bus
host
interface circuit
View(12292)

Research on China UHF RFID device conformance test methods

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.027

Author：Wang Minglei，Li Juan，Dang Bin，Su Guanqun

Author Affilications：Shandong Institute of Standardization，Jinan 250014，China

Abstract：Aiming at China UHF RFID standard——GB/T 29768-2013 Information technology-radio frequency identification-air interface protocol at 800/900 MHz，the main technical indicators and corresponding test requirements of the standard are analyzed to develop the product conformance test. The test system architecture, test process and data analysis are studied to verify these indicators. Based on the above research, the practical conformance test of UHF RFID tags and readers is carried out. The applicability of the test indicators and test method are proved through the test which will be a beneficial reference for China UHF RFID devices conformance test.
Key word：
UHF
RFID
air interface
conformance
test methods
View(7824)

Online identification system for illegal appliances based on MSP430

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.028

Author：Guo Yijing，Yan Yuyue，Gao Fengqiang

Author Affilications：School of Information Science and Technology，Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College，Zhangzhou 363105，China

Abstract：Current artificial investigation has some limitations in temporality and scale about illegal appliances. To solve these problems, an online identification system based on MSP430 is proposed in this paper. The system is composed of the electric safety executive terminal and remote monitoring platform. The electric safety executive terminal selects the MSP430F5529 MCU and JSY1-41 energy sensor, and realizes the identification of illegal appliances, automatic monitoring, automatically fault restoration operation for illegal electrical. The remote monitoring platform realizes the remote monitoring, alarm and record stores. The experiment results show that this system can successfully identify and limit the use of illegal appliances in student apartment. So it can effectively reduce the risk of life and property caused by illegal appliances.
Key word：
illegal appliances
load identification
sensor
monitoring system
MCU
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Design of the sonar imaging system in the detection of municipal drainage pipeline

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.029

Author：Wang Yongtao1，Zhu Jun1，2，Li Dongming1，Hu Yabin1

Author Affilications：1.School of Automation，China University of Geosciences，Wuhan 430074，China； 2.School of Telecommunications，Hubei Radio & TV University，Wuhan 430074，China

Abstract：Sonar imaging technology is one of the most important techniques in the disease detection of municipal drainage pipeline. A sonar imaging system for drainage pipeline based on pulse echo method was proposed. First the principle of sonar imaging by continuous scanning pipeline wall was introduced, and then the sonar imaging instrument was designed. Finally the indoor simulation pipeline test and real engineering drainage pipeline test were developed. Experiments show that this sonar imaging system can measure the profile of the drainage pipeline in real time, and can accurately pinpoint and quantize the defects of pipeline. It has the advantages of low error rate, portability, low power consumption, stability and the good market application prospect.
Key word：
municipal drainage pipeline
sonar imaging technology
focused acoustic sensor
scanning pipeline wall
disease detection
View(9122)

Communication and Network

A geographic-opportunistic hybrid routing for underwater wireless sensor networks

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.030

Author：Tang Weiping1，Liu Guiying2

Author Affilications：1.Department of Automotive and Transportation，Guangxi Electric Power Institute of Vocational Training，Nanning 530007，China； 2.Institute of Vocational Education，Guangxi Terchers Education University，Nanning 530001，China

Abstract：To improve the data collection in underwater wireless sensor networks(UWSNs), a geographic and opportunistic hybrid routing(GOHR) is proposed in this paper, which is marked as GOHR. In GOHR, source node determines the neighbors candidate set, which is ordered by normalized advance metric, forming neighbors candidate clustering. Then, it computes the Expected Packet Advanced(EPA) of each cluster, and the cluster with the highest EPA is selected as the next-hop forwarder. In order to void collision in forwarding packet, the time-delay mechanism is adopted. Simulation results show that GOHR protocol has a good performance in terms of packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay.
Key word：
underwater wireless sensor networks
geographic routing
opportunistic routing
acoustic communication
neighbors candidate set
clustering
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Wireless way to collect surface electromyography signal

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.031

Author：Li Jiani，Wang Yunfeng

Author Affilications：Beijing Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency IC Technology for Next Generation Communications，Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029，China

Abstract：Surface electromyography signal contains lots of biometric information which can reflect the characteristics of muscle, but it is a kind of weak bioelectric signal and is highly susceptible to a variety of noise interference. However, the property of silver electrode can be used to design a sensor for detecting sEMG. The sensor is affixed to the skin surface to detect the signal and amplify and filter it. Based on STM32F103，the signal is converted to digital signal and sent to other control devices via Bluetooth 4.0. Finally, sEMG can be measured noninvasively and transported wirelessly. Experiments show that the sensor can detect significant changes in sEMG and the signal can be successfully transmitted and received between Bluetooth.
Key word：
surface electromyography signal
silver electrode
Bluetooth 4.0
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A high throughput and low latency MAC protocol for terahertz wireless personal area networks

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.032

Author：Ren Zhi，You Lei，Chen Cong，Lv Yuhui

Author Affilications：Chongqing Key Lab of Mobile Communications，Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Chongqing 400065，China

Abstract：To address the problems existing in the present MAC protocol for terahertz wireless personal area networks, including the network is unstable based on dynamic equilibrium, unreasonable contention window causes the back-off time too long, and it will result in channel time slots remaining when the length of the CTA node allocated is greater than the requested amount, a high throughput and low latency MAC protocol for terahertz wireless personal area networks, HTLL-MAC, is proposed. Through accessing mechanism of dynamic equilibrium to improve the stability of network, introducing dynamically changing retransmission back-off contention window method to shorten the time required, and adopting CTA remaining timeslots mechanism to make full use of the remaining time slots, proposed algorithm achieves the effect of increasing network throughput and lowering latency. Theoretical analysis verifies the effectiveness of HTLL-MAC. Simulation results show that HTLL-MAC increases the network throughput in MAC layer 26.95%, and lowers average data latency 28.02% under the same conditions.
Key word：
Terahertz
wireless personal area networks
MAC protocol
throughput
latency
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Digital filter algorithm based on morphological wavelet transform

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.033

Author：Cao Chengtao1，2，Xu Lunhui2

Author Affilications：1.Intelligent Traffic Engineering Technology Center，Guangdong Communication Polytechnic，Guangzhou 510650，China； 2.South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510640，China

Abstract：When the circuits in which electronic products are fitted are disturbed by various interrupting signals, wave distortions occur to the normal voltage signals of these circuits. These wave distortions influence the normal operation and life cycle of electronic products. To eliminate the harmful effects of interrupting signals on electronic products, in this paper, a digital filter algorithm based on morphological wavelet transform(MWT), which will be used to filter various interrupting signals existing in the circuits in which electronic products are fitted, is proposed. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed digital filter algorithm in high frequency continuous interference, random background noise and damped oscillatory transient interference filter.
Key word：
mathematical morphology
wavelet transform
digital filter
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A physical layer security transmission scheme based on the fragmented pilot transmission and the artificial noise

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.034

Author：Zhuo Guofeng1，Du Shengdong2，Lin Shengbin3

Author Affilications：1.School of Software，Chengdu Polytechnic，Chengdu 610041，China； 2.School of Information Science and Technology，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China； 3.Chongqing Communication Institute，Chongqing 400000，China

Abstract：In a three-node Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO) wire-tap network, this paper proposes a physical layer security transmission scheme based on the fragmented pilot transmission and the artificial noise according to the malicious pilot contamination. First, the pilot transmission length is divided into n segments，and the legitimate receiver only uses m segments of them to transmit the pilot. Then, the transmitter obtains the approximate estimation of the eavesdropping channel based on the n-m segments received signal and eliminates the eavesdropping channel part in the channel estimation results of the m segments received signal. Besides, the transmitter designs the precoding matrix and transmits both the signal and the artificial noise, realizing the secure transmission. Finally, the simulation results show the average security rate of the proposed scheme improves 1.34 bit/s/Hz when the jamming power is 100 mW.
Key word：
pilot contamination
fragmented pilot transmission
artificial noise
secrecy rate
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Computer Technology and Its Applications

License plate recognition based on self-adaptive evolutionary extreme learning machine

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.035

Author：Wen Wu1，2，Qiao Longhui1，He Peng1

Author Affilications：1.Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Chongqing 400065，China； 2.Chongqing Information Technology Designing Co.，Ltd.，Chongqing 400065，China

Abstract：Aiming at the problems of current license plate recognition algorithm, such as slow training speed, low recognition rate, the vehicle license plate recognition algorithm based on Self-adaptive Evolutionary Extreme Learning Machine(SaE-ELM) is studied. First, the advantages of edge detection and color positioning are used to detect the license plate region. Then improved vertical projection is applied for character segmentation. Finally, Self-adaptive Evolutionary Extreme Learning Machine is used for character recognition. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed algorithm has the advantages of high identification rate, fast speed, and good robustness to the complex traffic environment.
Key word：
license plate location
character segmentation
vertical projection
character recognition
adaptive differential evolution
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The design of access control system on CPU card

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.036

Author：Huang Hesong，Liu Rongliang，Guo Henglan，Wei Guozhao

Author Affilications：College of Electrical and Automation Engineering，Shandong University of Science and Technology，Qingdao 266590，China

Abstract：Aiming at the safety problem of common IC card used by traditional access control system can be cracked, a kind of access control system based on CPU card and C8051F340 is designed. The access control system integrated the card reader based on MFRC530 and the GPRS communication module based on SIM900A solve the traditional access control system’s problem of safety and management.
Key word：
CPU card
RF card reader module
C8051F340
access control system
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A novel MR image reconstruction algorithm based on dictionary learning and weighted total variation

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.037

Author：Song Changming，Hui Qinglei，Cheng Dongxu

Author Affilications：College of Science，Zhongyuan University of Technology，Zhengzhou 450007，China

Abstract：In order to improve the quality of Magnetic Resonance Image reconstruction, this paper proposes a new reconstruction algorithm, which combines dictionary learning based on entropy-constraint with a weight total variation. Firstly, it blocks the image， constructs the proposed new model, and generates the dictionary library. Secondly, it constructs the image reconstruction model by combining a weight isotropic with anisotropic TV regularization. Finally, it obtains the reconstructed image using the Split-Bregman algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only removes noise effectively and robust to noise ,but also preserves the texture and detail information better, greatly suppresses the staircase of the total variation. Comparing to the existing algorithms, the new algorithm has a better performance for image reconstruction.
Key word：
dictionary learning
entropy-constraint
total variation
image reconstruction
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The method of controlling PTZ camera based on visual object tracking

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.038

Author：Pan Zhenfu，Xu Jing，Liu Cheng，Zhu Yongli

Author Affilications：Department of Computer Science，North China Electric Power University，Baoding 071003，China

Abstract：For that currently the PTZ camera control based on active tracking is performing poor, not able to tack dynamic object continuously and real-timely, and low accuracy of tracking,a method of controlling PTZ camera based on kernelized correlation object tracking is proposed. Firstly, the overall architecture of PTZ camera system is designed. The KCF tracker used is efficient.And it′s tracking accuracy is also ranked in higher level in the field of target tracking.Secondly,to make sure keeping the target in video images,PTZ camera is controlled through the PELCO_D protocol with the information of tracking results. The PC system of controlling PTZ camera is implemented by using Improved KCF algorithm with C++. The accuracy, applicability and stability of this kind of PTZ control method are verified by the experiments.
Key word：
object tracking
PTZ camera
correlation filter
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Power Supply Technology and Its Application

Discussion of research and application on wireless power transfer technology in electric vehicle wireless charge

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.039

Author：Zhang Xin，Jia Erju，Fan Xingming

Author Affilications：Department of Electrical Engineering & Automation，Guilin University of Electronic and Technology，Guilin 541004，China

Abstract：Energy crisis and environmental problems have been paid increasing attention. Electric vehicle(EV) are favored by its merits like energy saving, environmental protection, low noise and zero emission. At the same time, wireless power transfer(WPT) technology has the overwhelming advantages when compared with conventional contagious charging. So charging for EV by WPT is more conform to the development trend of our society. This paper simply introduces three main WPT technologies and describes their current research status in EV. Both the problems and corresponding strategies are summarized emphatically when charging for EV in inductively coupled power transfer(ICPT)and magnetically coupled resonant wireless power transfer(MCR-WPT). At last, a development direction of WPT technology in EV is generally presented.
Key word：
wireless charge
electric vehicle(EV)
inductively coupled
magnetically coupled resonant(MCR)
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Research on technology of grid-connected inverter based on virtual synchronous generator with LCL filters

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.040

Author：Guo Xiaoying1，Wang Jialei2，Li Fansen2，Chen Xiandong2，Cao Taiqiang2

Author Affilications：1.School of Information and Electric Engineering，Panzhihua University，Panzhihua 617000，China； 2.School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information，Xihua University，Chengdu 610039，China

Abstract：To make the grid-connected inverter can better cooperate with grid, using a method to imitate the control of synchronous generator, making the distributed generation system using the mature control scheme of power system, can operating in multi-mode. In this paper, based on the control method of virtual synchronous generator, improved the virtual synchronous frequency modulation system and the virtual excitation system, effectively improved the system unstable problem caused by load changes in the status of islanded operation with virtual inertia, at the same time analyzed the performance of the three-phase LCL filter, and through the method of adding the passive damping resistance with the capacitance side, can effectively restrain the resonance peak, improve the stability of the system. At last, using MATLAB/Simulink simulation debugging, verify the feasibility of the methods used.
Key word：
micro grid
virtual synchronous generators(VSG)
LCL filter
reactive damping
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Study on virtual current loop control technology for PMSM

DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.2017.01.041

Author：Shen Juan1，Zhou Shi2

Author Affilications：1.State Grid.Shanghai Electric Power Company.Electric Power Research Institute，Shanghai 200051，China； 2.Shanghai Electric Group Co.，Ltd.Central Academe，Shanghai 200070，China

Abstract：Firstly，from the angle of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) with no current sensor, the scheme of virtual current loop control was proposed. Based on analyzing the PMSM mathematical model, current estimates mode was established to reconstruct the feedback current, and so as to achieve the purpose of dual closed-loop control of speed and current of PMSM. Secondly, system simulation model and hardware test platform was built, and the simulation and experimental results verify the virtual current loop control scheme，which can effectively realize the good motor control capability of fast response and high precision ，and also proves the feasibility and rationality of the scheme in the paper.
Key word：
PMSM
no current sensors
virtual current loop control
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Key Technologies of 5G and Its Evolution

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