2018 No. 08

Publish Date:2018-08-06
ISSN:0258-7998
CN:11-2305/TN
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Review and Comment

The exploration and thinking of the application of Go language on domestic CPU platform

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.181486

Author:Chen Xi,Hu Bin

Author Affilications:China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team,Beijing 100040,China

Abstract:The Go language, which represents the new age of information, has a high degree of concurrency for server programming, and has natural cross-platform advantage, which reduces the difficulty of developing distributed heterogeneous computing platforms, and ultimately makes programs simple, clean and efficient. This paper will explore the transplanting of Go on the domestic platform, test the multi-nuclear function of the Go language in the dragon core and Phytium two domestic platforms, analyze the results, reach the conclusion, and provide reference for the future development of the Go language on the domestic platform.
Key word:
polynuclear programming
domestic platform
complicated
multicore call

Microelectronic Technology

Multi-Tap FlexHtree application in high performance CPU design

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.189014

Author:Peng Shutao1,Huang Wei1,Bian Shaoxian1,Du Guangshan2

Author Affilications:1.Tianjing Phytium Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tianjing 102209,China;2.Cadence Design Systems,Inc.,Shanghai 201204,China

Abstract:For high performance CPU design, especially on 16 nm and advanced process nodes, with the increase in the number of signoff corner, increasing the clock common path, improving the clock latency correlation on various RC corners, decreasing local skew of design, those are our common view. The Cadence innovus Flexible H-tree(FlexHtree) feature not only provides the symmetric buffer structure and equal wire lengths benefits of an H-tree, but also relaxes the requirement to be geometrically symmetric, enabling clock tree synthesis even in floorplans with sink placement. This paper presents an automatic Flexible H-tree flow to decrease clock skew on different corners. Meanwhile, this paper will discuss the impact of multi-taps counts and synthesis engines of the sub-tree on clock skew and design timing in details, then choses a better solution. Finally, in terms of timing, power consumption, and instance counts results, the design mentioned in this paper is suitable to use Flexible H-tree clock structure in comparison to CCOPT and fishbone structure clock tree.
Key word:
FlexHtree
clock skew
clock tree
CCOPT
innovus

VIPVS accelerating 7 nm analog layout design

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.189017

Author:Li Xuan,Li Yuan,Qi Jingfeng,Feng Lei,Zhai Lukun,Qian Yingqi,Zhang Wentao,Shao Wanxin

Author Affilications:GLOBALFOUNDRIES China(Shanghai)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201204,China

Abstract:As GLOBALFOUNDRIES continues design in 7 nm technology for high speed Serdes IP, it should be noted that the complexity of layout design has increased. New challenges include complex DRC verification and complex MPT methodology in the design flow. It is therefore important to develop a layout flow(addressing this challenge), which includes new features of EDA tools (always important to the design). For example: Cadence Virtuoso Interactive Physical Verification System(VIPVS). This enables real time sign-off quality DRC checks, shortens the layout verification loop, and delivers rapid means for MPT coloring(a highlight of VIPVS). This paper will show how the GLOBALFOUNDRIES high speed Serdes layout team is using VIPVS(for rapid DRC checks and MPT coloring) in a high speed Serdes project designed in GLOBALFOUNDRIES 7 nm Finfet technology. The paper will include the verification flow and feature highlights, as well as usage of newly embedded VIPVS features.
Key word:
realtime DRC
MPT coloring
SADP/SAQP

A fast verification method of on-chip coupling interference based on VSDP-XcitePI

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.189016

Author:Chen Zhao1,Cheng Liang1,Lin Zhiqiang1,Zhuang Zhemin2,Liu Huanyan2

Author Affilications:1.Shenzhen Hisilicon Technologies CO.,LTD.,Shenzhen 518129,China;2.Cadence Design Systems,Inc.,Shanghai 201204,China

Abstract:This paper describes a fast verification full-chain co-simulation flow based on the VSDP-XcitePI for extracting on-chip power supply models and simulating the effects of on-chip coupling interference. With this flow, XcitePI extracts the RLCK model or S-parameter model for metal layers of on-die power network and signals. This chip-level model together with package model was used in creating a new system-aware test bench to analyze the digital-to-analog interference in a RF AFE IC. The simulation results match well with the test phenomenon. Chip area of the IC used in analysis is 1.44 mm2, the analysis accuracy could support 10 μV variation,and the analysis bandwidth exceeds 5 GHz. In addition. This paper also introduces the flexible S-parameter post-processing flow inside VSDP platform, which ensures the convergence and high efficiency for the full-chain simulation.
Key word:
VSDP
Virtuoso
XcitePI
coupling interference
full-chain
co-simulation

Using 3D-EM simulator to help design 25 Gbps SERDES channel

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.189019

Author:Liu Mingyang,Li Yongliang

Author Affilications:Analog Devices Inc.,Beijing 100192,China

Abstract:Design of high speed serializer/deserializer(SERDES) channel is becoming more and more important in 5G commutation and data center. In this paper, an engineering example SERDES channel is used to illustrate the strategy and method to help solve the issues in different stage of design process. By Cadence Sigrity 3D EM simulator and link simulator, via structure design and optimization, impedance matching and crosstalk issues are well handled. Consequently, it improves efficiency of design and optimization and shortens the period from design to production.
Key word:
EM simulation
high speed
via
signal integrity

Millimeter-wave noise modeling of nanoscale MOSFETs

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174966

Author:Peng Xiaomei,Zhao Aifeng,Wang Jun

Author Affilications:School of Information Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China

Abstract:Based on the physical structure of 40 nm MOSFETs, this paper establishes a unified MOSFET millimeter-wave noise model to characterize the characteristics of drain-current noise, inducted gate-current noise and cross-correlation noise between them. By introducing the gate overdrive effect into the high frequency noise model so that the uniform models had good smoothness, accuracy and continuity. Finally, the simulation results of the model are compared with the traditional high-frequency noise model, the validity and accuracy of the model are verified by comparing the four-noise parameters of the model with the traditional model and the measured data.
Key word:
MOSFET
correlated noise
millimeter-wave
four noise parameters

A K-band MMIC filter based on GaAs IPD technology

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174832

Author:Lu Yu

Author Affilications:The 10th Research Institute of CETC,Chengdu 610036,China

Abstract:This paper develop a high performance K-band Hair-Pin MMIC band-pass filter which is based on GaAs IPD technology. The measurement result shows that at the operation frequency of 19.5~21.3 GHz, the insertion loss of this filter is below 2.6 dB, the minimum insertion loss is 2.2 dB@20 GHz, and the return loss and group delay ripple of this filter is below -25 dB&50 ps in band. The test result is quite coincide with simulation. The size of the MMIC filter is only 2.96 mm×1.8 mm×0.1 mm, it has much less volume than the filter which is fabricated by traditional technology,and it is suite for the miniaturization trend of microwave device used in radar and communication system which has wide prospect of application.
Key word:
GaAs
integrated passive device
filter
K-band
MMIC

Design of adaptive matching true random number generator based on thermal noise

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174762

Author:Li Zhen1,Wang Pengjun1,Cheng Xu2,Li Gang1

Author Affilications:1.Institute of Circuits and Systems,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China; 2.State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China

Abstract:After studying on the thermal noise model and the matching mechanism of sensitive amplifier, an adaptively matching True Random Number Generator(TRNG) design is proposed. In this design, configurable NMOS array is embedded in the sensitive amplifier firstly,and by adjusting array’s equivalent aspect ratio it could balance the working current of sensitive amplifier. Secondly, isolation unit is added at the output to achieve the matching of complementary output loads, which can improve the randomness of the sequence. Lastly, dynamic compensation algorithm is applied to achieve the adaptive calibration of TRNG, thus broadening the scope of its application. The TRNG is semi-customedly designed with TSMC 65 nm CMOS technology. The experimental results show that it can operate properly among a wide range of voltage(0.8 to 1.4 V) and temperature(-40 to 120 ℃),the maximum output rate can rise up to 1 GHz and the average power is 0.165 pJ/bit. The randomly outputted sequence has passed the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) randomness tests.
Key word:
TRNG
sensitive amplifier
thermal noise
adaptive matching

Design and implementation of high speed serial interface controller circuit for 3 GS/s 12 bit ADCs

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.180772

Author:Jiang Lin,Heng Qian,Zhang Chunming,Deng Junyong,Wang Xijuan

Author Affilications:School of Electronic Engineering,Xi′an University of Posts and Telecommunications,Xi′an 710121,China

Abstract:High performance data converter is the core device of the fifth generation mobile communication base station system. Its sampling rate is no less than 3 GS/s and the resolution is higher than 12 bit. Therefore, it is inevitable for high-speed serial interface to replace traditional interface circuits. Based on JESD204B protocol, this paper designs a high speed serial interface control layer circuit applied to 3 GS/s 12 bit ADCs. Under the premise of ensuring high-speed transmission, it considers the power consumption and resources in the compromise. The circuit adopts the pre-frequency technique to complete the framing in the transmission layer, and the 8 B/10 B coding is implemented by using the polar information to simplify encoding techniques in the data link layer. In Vivado 16.1 environment, using the Xilinx ZC706 FPGA PHY IP and JESD204B Receiver IP, the verification of the interface circuit proposed in this paper is completed. The experimental results show that the data transmission is correct, the serialized transmission speed is 7.5 Gb/s. Compared with the same type interface design, the transmission speed is increased by 50%.
Key word:
the fifth generation mobile communication
high speed serial interface
ADC
JESD204B protocol

Detection and analysis of random telegraph signal noise in P-MOSFET

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174770

Author:Fan Xinxin,Yang Lianying,Chen Xiuguo,Xu Bin

Author Affilications:State Grid Tongling Power Supply Company,Tongling 244000,China

Abstract:Power metal oxide semiconductor FET(P-MOSFET)is the core device that forms the power communication power,its reliability directly affects the safe and stable operation of power communication. Random telegraph signal(RTS) noise is a sensitive parameter to characterize its reliability. In order to be able to detect and analyze RTS noise inside P-MOSFET,an improved empirical mode decomposition(EMD) adaptive selection algorithm is proposed to detect RTS noise, the RTS noise is analyzed by using time and waveform correlation coefficient. Simulation results show that the new algorithm has better filtering effect than traditional algorithm, the optimized high order cumulant not only improves RTS noise processing capability, but also proves that it has 1/f at zero frequency.
Key word:
P-MOSFET
RTS noise
high order cumulant
normalization cross correlation
EMD algorithm

BIST controller design with high-level synthesis

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174735

Author:Cai Hongyan1,Du Tao1,Meng Xianggang2,Li Guofeng3,Liang Ke3,Chen Xinwei4,5

Author Affilications:1.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology,Tianjin 300350,China; 2.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photo-electronics Thin Film Devices and Technique,Tianjin 300350,China; 3.Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and System Integration,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China; 4.Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control,Fuzhou 350108,China; 5.Fuzhou Joint Laboratory of Robot Technology Application,Fuzhou 350108,China

Abstract:MBIST(Memory Built-In Self-Test) technology has extensive application in the memory test. In view of the traditional BIST controller register transfer level description language design process is relatively complicated, special flexibility EDA tools to define algorithm flexibility is poor, and the circuit structure is fixed, this paper proposes the use of high-level synthesis tools BIST controller design method. This paper takes SRAM as the object, describes the MARCH algorithm in C language, and uses port allocation, pipeline optimization and array segmentation to optimize the design. Finally, with the tools of the FPGA platform it verifies and evaluates the function reliability and scle controllability of the high-level synthesis synthesized RTL code level circuit. Compared with the two traditional methods, the limitation of algorithm implementation and circuit structure is eliminated, and the implementation period of the algorithm is reduced.
Key word:
BIST controller
high level synthesis
MARCH algorithm

The application flow of Stratus HLS tool in high performance double precision floating point multiplication design

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.189018

Author:Yuan Jiahong

Author Affilications:Phytium Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410000,China

Abstract:Double-precision floating-point multiplication parts is one of the most important unit of high performance CPU.This article describes the use of Cadence Stratus HLS tools in 28 nm process design and implement double-precision floating-point multiplication. The frequency of this multiplication is 2.5 GHz, and its area is 28 211 square micrometers, which almost meets the requirements of high performance microprocessor development. The experiences of this work enhance the confidence of the more widely using of the new design methodology in our project.
Key word:
high-level synthesis
HLS
double-precision floating-point multiplication

Multiple scenario profiling to improve power integrity analysis coverage

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.189015

Author:Xu Huimin,Zhu Weiwei,Shi Jian′an

Author Affilications:NVIDIA Semiconductor Technology(Shanghai) Co.,Shanghai 201210,China

Abstract:The ultra-high transistor density and increasing frequency lead to more critical power integrity issues. Vector-dependent simulation based on FSDB generates more accurate analysis. It’s not practical to simulate full chip through the simulation cycle, it needs profiling to provide interval with high coverage of realistic application. Considering power integrity relevant phenomenon, based on multiple scenario profiling, it improves IR-Drop and PowerEM violation coverage, to achieve a more comprehensive power integrity analysis.
Key word:
power integrity
FSDB
profiling
IR-drop
PowerEM

Embedded Technology

Multi-lead real-time ECG monitoring system based on SOPC

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.180064

Author:Zhang Mengxin,Liao Yuan,Liu Wenhan,Huang Qijun

Author Affilications:School of Physics and Technology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China

Abstract:Aiming at the demand for household ECG monitoring, a multi-lead real-time ECG monitor system based on SOPC is designed. The system uses ADS1298 as the ECG signal acquisition front-end, and the data of multi-lead are sent to the back-end by ZigBee to be processed. The back end of the system is FPGA embedded with ARM Cortex A9 dual core processor. The Linux operating system is transplanted on ARM. The ECG data receiving, format conversion, FIR filtering, LMS adaptive notch filter and data cache are realized by parallel processing, pipeline design and custom IP core in FPGA. QRS detection algorithm, analysis of heart rate variability and myocardial infarction detection algorithm are implemented on ARM. ECG data are received, filtered, and stored in SD card and analyzed in real time, and the ECG waveform and analysis results are displayed on the LCD.
Key word:
SOPC
multi-lead
real-time
monitor

Design of oil wear debris online monitoring system based on optical method

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.180358

Author:Hu Zemin,Shi Hongsheng,Kang Kai,Yan Yuanhai

Author Affilications:National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China

Abstract:Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing monitoring methods for mechanical wear, a design is proposed in this paper for oil wear particles online monitoring system based on optical method, which can realize the detection for internal wear of gear box or hydraulic equipment under the complex environments, improve detecting ranges of the wear particles and reduce the cost of on-line wear monitoring. A design for image acquisition processor is proposed to realize the acquisition, processing and transmission for HD plane array camera images. The hardware circuit of the image acquisition processor is designed based on the Freescale I.MX6Q. In the embedded Linux environment, the software of the image acquisition processor is designed based on OpenCV to realize the processing of the images captured by the plane array camera. Experiments show that the image acquisition processor can realize functions of on-line wear particles image acquisition, processing and wireless transmission, and can be used for oil detection, fault prediction and diagnosis in bad working environments.
Key word:
oil wear particles
on-line monitoring
image processing
embedded

Design of MOA potential distribution and temperature distribution wireless acquisition system

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.175108

Author:Li Jiaqi1,Liu Biqi2,Li Bin1,Geng Lina1,Ma Yiling1,Wang Shuai1

Author Affilications:1.Liaoning Electric Power Research Institute of SGCC,Shenyang 110006,China; 2.Liaoning Electric Power Information and Communication Branch of SGCC,Shenyang 110006,China

Abstract:The protection performance of lightning arrester(MOA) has direct impact on insulation level of the transformer and other electrical equipment , the potential distribution and the temperature distribution of the arrester determines the operating life of a lightning arrester. In the case of reasonable pressure sharing measures, it will effectively slow down the aging of arrester and reduce the possibility of thermal collapse. It is necessary to test the potential distribution of arrester to adjust the voltage distribution of arrester. The design uses high performance portable microprocessor, wireless synchronous acquisition technology, design of the lightning arrester potential distribution and temperature distribution system based on wireless acquisition technology. The arrester potential distribution and temperature distribution in the wireless synchronization testing is the traditional way of fiber-optic cable test methods based on test upgrade, which simplifies the tedious scene of fiber-optic cabling and improves the accuracy of the test data. According to the voltage distribution and temperature distribution measured by the arrester, effective data are provided for subsequent voltage sharing of the lightning arrester, which is beneficial to the safe and reliable operation of the power grid.
Key word:
MOA
distribution potential
distribution temperature
AVR processor
wireless test

A real-time on-line highway pavement breakage and position detection device

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.180347

Author:Zhang Jingrong1,2,3,Gu Binbin1,2,3,Miao Chengyu1,2,3,Li Jianqiao4

Author Affilications:1.Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China; 2.Jiangsu Meteorological Sensor Network Technology Engineering Center,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044,China; 3.Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Observation and Information Procession, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China; 4.School of Electronic Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210003,China

Abstract:A real-time on-line road pavement breakage and position detection device is proposed in this essay. The device uses image processing identification technology to determine whether there is any damage in the acquired images of road surface. The Beidou navigation system is applied to locate the damaged object while the mobile communication system is used to realize the real-time transmission of damaged images and the information of location. The entire device can be achieved through using FPGA. In the identification of pavement damage,Sobel algorithm is improved,which could further increase the accuracy of detection and enhance the ability of anti-interference.Illustrated by the example of crack identification, the cracks are divided into four categories: lateral, longitudinal, block and crack. The accuracy of this device can reach 88.75% under the speed of 70 km/h. In addition, the background of the entire system administration displays the information of broken images, broken types, location,map annotations and so on.
Key word:
highway pavement
damage detection
image processing
Sobel operator
Beidou positioning

Measurement Control Technology and Instruments

Design and implementation of MFSK radar system

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.180777

Author:Song Yongkun1,Jiang Liubing2,Che Li2

Author Affilications:1.School of Information and Communication Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China; 2.School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China

Abstract:According to the research status and existing problems of automotive radar, an automotive radar system implementation scheme based on MFSK(multi frequency shift keying) waveform is studied in this paper. The target measurement principle of the system is analyzed in detail, the hardware structure of the system and the implementation process of the FPGA algorithm are introduced too. The algorithm combines all phase FFT and improved CA-CFAR(cell-averaging constant false alarm) algorithm to ensure the measurement accuracy of the system. The experimental results show that the system has high measurement precision, it can achieve the non fuzzy target measurement, and the system runs stably.
Key word:
MFSK
automotive radar
FPGA
all phase FFT

Design of sleep monitoring system based on intelligent terminal

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.180384

Author:Zhao Dechun1,Fang Cheng2,Liu Mengmeng1,Li Shuyue1

Author Affilications:1.School of Biological Information,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China; 2.School of Automation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China

Abstract:In order to monitor sleep condition more conveniently and assess sleep quality, a sleep monitoring system based on intelligent terminal was designed in this paper. The system mainly consists of signal acquisition module and intelligent terminal. The signal acquisition module communicates with intelligent terminal by bluetooth, which realizes collection, receiving, analysis and storage of electroencephalogram(EEG) signals. The intelligent terminal uses wavelet transform to denoise EEG signals. The sample entropy is extracted as the feature parameter, and the random forest(RF) algorithm is used to do the automatic staging, so as to assess sleep quality. Five volunteers participated in the experiment. The results show that signal acquisition module can collect high quality EEG signals and the analysis software can evaluate sleep quality quickly and accurately. The system has the advantages of small volume and low power consumption. It can be used to quantitatively reflect and objectively evaluate the quality of sleep.
Key word:
sleep EEG signal
intelligent terminal
random forest algorithm
sleep quality assessment

High speed ADC based data acquisition system for TOF-SIMS

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.180006

Author:Yang Jiaxiang1,Long Tao2,Qui Chunling1,Bao Zemin2,Wang Peizhi2,Liu Dunyi2

Author Affilications:1.College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China; 2.SHRIMP Center,Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 102206,China

Abstract:This article designed a data acquisition system for Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer(TOF-SIMS). The system uses high speed Analog-to-Digital conversion(ADC) for sampling of analog signals. The timing controller is FPGA. The DDR3 SDRAM is used to store massive amounts of data. PCI-Express(PCIE) bus is used to communicate with computer,and the ADC dynamic performance and PCI-Express bus read and write speed are tested. The results show that the system acquires the sine wave with the frequency of 400 MHz, the signal to noise ratio of ADC is 56.333 dB, the total harmonic distortion is -63.509 dB, the effective number is 8.995 bit,and PCI-Express bus has write speed of 1 135 MB/s and read speed of 1 002 MB/s,which meet needs of the TOF-SIMS.
Key word:
TOF-SIMS
high speed data acquisition
high speed ADC
PCI-Express bus

High reliability transmission optimization design of LVDS based on FPGA

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.180457

Author:Li Beiguo1,Yang Shenglong2,Li Huijing2

Author Affilications:1.Beijing Changzheng Aerospace Vehicle Research Institute,Beijing 100076,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science & Dynamic Measurement,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China

Abstract:In order to solve the problem of bit error and short transmission distance in the process of LVDS high-speed link transmission, the optimization scheme is proposed from hardware and logic coding respectively. In the aspect of hardware, the high speed driver is added to the LVDS transmitter, and the adaptive equalizer is added at the receiver to compensate the attenuation of the signal in the long distance transmission and restore the distorted signal in the twisted pair. In the aspect of logic coding, the traditional 10B8B coding method is improved, and a 10B6B coding method with self correcting ability is designed, which not only improves the DC balance status of twisted pair, but also reduces the bit error rate in the LVDS transmission process. Compared with the normal coded LVDS interface, the optimized LVDS interface has a longer transmission distance and a smaller bit error rate. The design method is simple and reliable, and the performance is stable. The experimental results show that the zero error rate reliable transmission can be realized at 400 Mb/s rate under the 48 m differential twisted pair length.
Key word:
LVDS
10B6B encoding
clock synchronization
bit error rate
driver

Implementation of multi-channel MAC protocol based on VANET

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.181040

Author:Sha Yan,Wang Dan,Zhang Hongwei,Ma Jinfeng

Author Affilications:School of Medical Informatics,Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221004,China

Abstract:The design goals of VANET(Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks) are to provide an open public road safety services,and to improve the comfort and efficiency of driving. In VANET, multi channels are employed to transmit safety information and non-safety information respectively. This paper analyzes protocols associating with VANET in detail and proposes an improved multi-channel MAC cooperation scheme. Based on the network simulation software NS2, this paper designs the simulation model for VANET, adds the multi-channel module and application layer module into the network simulation software NS2, and then simulates the single channel and multi-channel, and the improved MAC protocol. From the simulation, it shows that compared with the single channel, multi channels can obtain better throughput, and the improved MAC protocol also has lower latency and message collision ratio than the original standard.
Key word:
VANET
IEEE 1609.4
multi-channel cooperation scheme

Communication and Network

The research of OAM dielectric resonator array antenna

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174948

Author:Chang Wei1,Sun Xuehong2,3,Liu Liping1,3,Xue Jianan1

Author Affilications:1.School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China; 2.School of Information Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China; 3.Key Laboratory Intelligent Sensing for Desert Information,Yinchuan 750021,China

Abstract:Orbital angular momentum(OAM) technology provides a new modulation dimension for wireless communication system, and it has become an effective way to solve the problem of spectrum resource shortage. A novel OAM array antenna is proposed in this paper, which uses a dielectric resonator array antenna to produce a OAM beam. The simulation results show that the OAM antenna array radius affects the OAM beam effect, the suitable feeding position and feeding mode can ameliorate the central space problem and improve the quality of long-distance transmission of OAM beam. This OAM array antenna has the advantages of small volume and wide selection of dielectric materials, it can solve the problem of the ring-shaped OAM microstrip array antenna, which is the high loss of the high frequency band and the large size of the low frequency band. It provides a new reference value for the practical application of OAM array antenna in the field of wireless communication.
Key word:
orbital angular momentum
dielectric resonator antennas
spectrum resource
ring-shaped array antenna

Analysis and research of eDRX in NB-IoT system

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.175183

Author:Li Guiyong,Shu Qiang,Li Wenbin

Author Affilications:Chongqing Key Lab of Mobile Communication Technology,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065,China

Abstract:The use of discontinuous reception(DRX) mechanism is an important means for the mobile terminal to reduce power consumption. In the NB-IoT system, the business has characteristics of low rate and low frequency,it requires the terminal to have very low power consumption. To meet its business characteristics, this paper has made some changes to DRX, and the extended discontinuous reception(eDRX) is adopted. In this paper, the basic principle of the eDRX mechanism is analyzed in detail by various timer operations, furthermore, the eDRX model is built. The simulation results show the performance of eDRX mechanism in power saving and delay.
Key word:
eDRX
NB-IoT
energy consumption
MAC

Design of signal source real-time display system based on AD9910

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.175047

Author:Zhang Bugao,Ma Xizhi

Author Affilications:Electrical and Mechanical College,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China

Abstract:In view of the current demand for various frequency signal sources in the fields of control, telecommunications and electronic instrumentation, a high cost-effective STM32F103RCT6 control chip is used to generate various frequency signals through the button control of the high-performance DDS chip AD9910 and real-time display through the LCD12864. This article describes in detail the system hardware and software design, and the key part, precautions and the use of tools for specific instructions. Finally the designed system is verified, and the results show that the system is stable and can meet the engineering needs.
Key word:
various frequency sources
STM32F103RCT6
DDS
AD9910

Research on sphere decoders for rank-deficient MIMO systems

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.175067

Author:Su Yan,Yang Meijun

Author Affilications:College of Electronic and Information Engineering,Guangzhou College of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510800,China

Abstract:Sphere decoder(SD) has variable complexity, and the traditional fixed-complexity sphere decoder(FSD) is not applicable for rank-deficient(NT>NR) multiple input multiple output(MIMO) systems. To overcome these difficulties, in this paper, robust fixed-complexity sphere decoders(RFSD-s) based on new preprocessing algorithms are proposed for rank-deficient MIMO systems. With respect to the cases without and with information on the level of noise, RFSD using zero-forcing technique(RFSD-ZF) and FSD using minimum mean square error technique(FSD-MMSE) are proposed respectively. To reduce the computational complexity of RFSD-ZF, a simplified RFSD-ZF(SRFSD-ZF) with little performance loss is also introduced. Simulation results show that, besides better performance than the traditional FSD, the proposed techniques are robust to the configuration of MIMO antennas.
Key word:
multiple input multiple output systems
SD
zero-forcing
minimum mean square error
bit error rate

Coordinated resource allocation algorithm for unmanned vehicle link scheduling

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174995

Author:Sheng Xuefeng1,Yao Yufeng2

Author Affilications:1.Department of Computer Science and Technology,Suzhou Information Career Technical College,Suzhou 215000,China; 2.School of Computer Science,Soochow University,Suzhou 215000,China

Abstract:To improve the real-time data transmission rate of unmanned vehicle ad hoc network and improve the throughput of unmanned vehicle network, a cooperative resource allocation algorithm for unmanned vehicle network link scheduling is proposed. Firstly, a 2-H cooperative communication system is constructed. The value function is used to describe the relationship between the link rate and the allocated resource unit. The maximum throughput equation of the unmanned vehicle is further proposed. Then, to allocate the communication resources reasonably, the link rate is dispatched based on multi-select knapsack problem, and the optimal value of the number of unmanned vehicle nodes is solved by exhaustive search method. Experimental results show that, compared with the vehicle network based on the distributed sensing and clustering and the optimization of the vehicle network based on the channel transmission model, the proposed algorithm improves the link speed by 8.7% and 7.4% respectively, and the total network throughput is improved respectively 10.6% and 12.8%. The proposed algorithm can better meet the requirements of data transmission rate of unmanned vehicle networks.
Key word:
unmanned vehicle network
vehicle network
cooperative communication system
link scheduling
value function

Joint resource optimization algorithm based on queue stability

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174574

Author:Hu Xiaodong,Gao Peng,Tang Lun,Chen Qianbin

Author Affilications:Key Laboratory of Mobile Communication Technology,Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065,China

Abstract:To achieve the dynamic allocation of multiple resources and improve the resource utilization with ensuring the queue stability, the paper proposes a joint resource optimization algorithm based on queue stability in wireless virtualized networks. Considering the cache resource constraints and different pricing mechanisms for each virtual operator, the algorithm allocates multiple virtual resources as a joint optimization problem, and establishes a utility function aiming at maximizing the profit of virtual operators. Secondly, based on the data volume, a distributed scheduling algorithm is designed to balance the optimality of the virtual network revenue and the stability of the system queue through Lyapunov stochastic optimization. Finally, the Lagrange duality theory is used to solve the model. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the total average revenue of virtual network while guaranteeing the queue stability.
Key word:
wireless virtualized networks
joint optimization
Lyapunov
queue stability
network utility

Computer Technology and Its Applications

Security risk assessment of information system based on FAHP and attack tree

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.181004

Author:Ren Qiujie1,Pan Gang2,Bai Yongqiang2,Mi Shichao2

Author Affilications:1.Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China; 2.Luoyang Electronic Equipment Test Center of China,Luoyang 471003,China

Abstract:In order to improve the accuracy and serviceability of information system security risk assessment and reduce the impact of subjective factors in risk assessment, based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and attack tree model, the security risk of information system is evaluated. Firstly, the attack tree model is used to describe the possible attack path. And then, the attack probability is calculated, assuming that each leaf node has different security properties. Fuzzy AHP method is adopted to solve the security attribute weights. To reduce the influence of subjective factors during expert scoring, assuming that attribute scores are interval variables, an attribute probability generation model based on interval variables is established. Finally, an example is used to verify the analysis. It shows that this method not only reduces the influence of subjective factors in risk assessment, but also has clear thinking and simple methods. It has versatility and engineering application value.
Key word:
attack tree
security risk
fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
information system

Research of traceability method of merge unit tester

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.175074

Author:Wu Dalei1,Sun Yansong1,Lin Jun1,Huang Kailai1,Qi Bin1,Jin Zuliang2,Lu Jiaying2

Author Affilications:1.Hainan Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Electric Energy Metering Center,Haikou 570100,China; 2.Ningbo Sunrise Instruments Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315010,China

Abstract:Electronic transformers and merging units are the core components of smart substation. The performance and accuracy of these indicators have a decisive impact on the following measures: protection, measurement and control, and digital energy metering. However, selection or acceptance, regular testing and other aspects of the measures taken or means have not yet reached a perfect, comprehensive and accurate level. This paper presents a merging unit tester traceability device with table source integrated separable structure characteristics, both for electronic transformer calibrator and the merging unit tester traceability. It can also directly calibrate the electronic transformer and the merging unit error.
Key word:
intelligent substation
merge unit
traceability
electronic instrument transformer

A reflected signal acquisition algorithm for Beidou GNSS-R receiver

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174212

Author:Yang Rui1,Huang Haisheng1,Li Xin1,Cao Xinliang2

Author Affilications:1.School of Electronic Engineering,Xi′an University of Posts and Telecommunications,Xi′an 710121,China; 2.School of Physics and Electronic Information,Yan′an University,Yan′an 716000,China

Abstract:Aiming at the difficulty of Beidou reflected signal acquisition, this paper presents a capture algorithm for the reflected signal in the Beidou GNSS-R receiver. The algorithm uses the navigation data in the direct signal to peel off the navigation data in the reflected signal, and improves the traditional reflection signal acquisition algorithm through the cyclic accumulation operation and the FFT correlation.The algorithm can greatly reduce the computational complexity and shorten the capture time of long time integral of the reflected signal.In this paper, the MATLAB simulation of the new algorithm is carried out, and compared with the traditional coherent-uncoupling algorithm and the difference coherence algorithm. The simulation results show that the algorithm in this paper is superior to the traditional coherent noncoherent and differential coherent acquisition algorithm in capturing performance.
Key word:
reflected signals
navigation data
coherent noncoherent
FFT
integral gain

Design of joint angle digital measuring and functional assessing system

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174285

Author:Fang Yanhong,Yang Xuemei,Zhang Hongying,Wang Xueyuan

Author Affilications:School of Information Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China

Abstract:In order to realize digital measurement and objective function assessment for joint angle, an joint angle digital measuring and functional assessing system is established and its applied algorithms is investigated. Firstly, based on Kinect data acquisition principles and calculation method of space vectors, the joint angle measuring algorithm is presented. The space points of joint on the basis of the depth data of Kinect are converted to the corresponding three-dimensional coordinates which will be used to calculate the Euclidean distance between each key point, and the joint space angles are calculated according to the angle formula of space vector. Then after the performance of several clustering methods is compared, the algorithm of function assessing by K-means is analyzed. Experimental results indicate that the system can realize the digital measuring and assessing, and the precision of the clustering indexes of purity,RI and F-meaures can be stabled in 0.8 and above. It can satisfy the system requirements of non-contact, objective, effective, higher precision and strong adaptability, as well as user-friendly control and low cost.
Key word:
Kinect data acquisition
joint angle measurement
function assessment
K-means clustering algorithm

Feature matching algorithm based on partial limitation search region

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.174463

Author: Zhang Zhenning,Li Zheng,Zheng Junwei

Author Affilications:College of Computer Science,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China

Abstract:This paper proposes a feature matching algorithm for partial limitation search regions, which combines spatial constraints with local descriptors. Based on the ASIFT algorithm, this paper improves the defects of directly removing one-to-many and many-to-one feature points in the feature matching phase. Since many of these removed feature points can be properly matched,resulting match points less. This paper will find a new unmatched pair of points within the surrounding area of the matching pairs, and finally achieve the goal of raising the correct number of matches. Experiments show that the feature matching algorithm proposed in this paper can greatly increase the number of feature matching compared with the ASIFT algorithm.
Key word:
partial limitation
ASIFT
feature matching

Power Supply Technology and Its Application

Study on the smoothness of coupled mechanism along the track relative motion

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.173798

Author:Yang Jie,Chen Xiyou,Li Guanlin,Wu Maopeng

Author Affilications:School of Electrical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China

Abstract:In this paper, two different coupling structures, including the plane winding of the transmitting coil and the vertical winding of the transmitting coil, are designed. A magnetic coupling mechanism with large transmission power is selected and the smoothness of the contactless power transmission(CPT) is also studied when the deviation occurs between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. By means of ANSYS finite element simulation tool, the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the two kinds of coupled coupling coils are obtained, and the change of transmission power of the coupling mechanism along the relative motion of the track is also simulated. The two coupling mechanisms were made in the experiment. Finally, a magnetic coupling mechanism with strong transmission capability was selected, and the results show that the system can be able to maintain good smoothness.
Key word:
CPT
coupling structure
relative motion
ANSYS finite element simulation

Research on an improved three-phase PWM rectifier and its control strategy

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.173562

Author:Yang Xiaoguang1,2,Gao Linghu1,2,Xu Linliang1,2,Liu Weimin1,2,Jin Shuangshuang1,2

Author Affilications:1.State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment,Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province,Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin,300130,China

Abstract:This paper presents an improved three-phase PWM rectifier with predicted current space voltage-vector pulse width modulation technology. The designed rectifier can realize controllable soft start, and has high power factor and wide voltage regulation.A new over current protection circuit is designed,which has fast response speed and can meet repetitive start requirement of high voltage supply application.Simulation and test results show that the improved PWM rectifier can achieve controllable soft start and the error in steady state is less than 2%,the recovery time is less than 0.5 s after a sudden change of the load,the power factor is more than 95%.
Key word:
high-voltage power supply
three-phase PWM rectifier
predictive current control
SVPWM
power factor correction

A new series-L/parallel-tuned class DE-1 power amplifier

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.173769

Author:Hua Zaijun,Huang Fengchen,Chen Zhao,Li Jianni

Author Affilications:College of Computer and Information,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China

Abstract:This paper proposes a new series-L/parallel-tuned class DE-1 power amplifier. The theoretical analysis was conducted according to zero current switching(ZCS) and zero current slope switching(ZCSS) conditions. The closed form design equations under ideal switching conditions were given. The performance of the power amplifier was calculated. Theoretically, class DE-1 power amplifier has efficiency of 100%. It has both of the advantage of class D and class E-1. Circuit implementation was carried out to verify the proposed amplifier. In the experiment, the supply voltage is 3 V, and the optimal working frequency is 110 kHz, and the power amplifier achieves efficiency of 97.8%. Good agreement between theory and experiment results is achieved.
Key word:
class DE-1
series-L/parallel-tuned
power amplifier
efficiency

Research on interleaved parallel CCM Boost PFC converter

DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.173841

Author:Liu Xinrui1,Lin Jingli1,Guo Xiaoying2,Zhang Yufeng1,Wan Min3,Cao Taiqiang1

Author Affilications:1.School of Electric Information,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China; 2.School of Information and Electric Engineering,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000,China; 3.School of Science,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China

Abstract:This paper adopts duty cycle compensation current control strategy to resolve the increasing current stress in one of the branches of the interleaved parallel Boost PFC converter, which is caused by the unequal branch current when the power factor correction converter works in inductor current continuous conduction mode. By adding the duty cycle compensation controller in the traditional controller,the branch current can be equalled and decrease the current stress. Lastly, the simulation is created. Before adopting the new strategy, the two branch current are 5 A and 2.2 A, the peak current of the MOSFET in 5 A branch is 9.2 A; After adoping the new strategy, the two branch current are both 3.6 A, the peak current of the MOSFET in both branch are 6.8 A. From the analysis of the simulation,the new strategy can achieve the equal branch current and decrease the branch current stress. Simultaneously, the feasibility of the interleaved-parallel CCM Boost PFC converter under the new strategy is verified.
Key word:
interleaved parallel
Boost PFC converter
average current control
duty cycle compensation control

High Performance Computering

Information Flow and Energy Flow in Industrial Digital Transformation

Special Antenna and Radio Frequency Front End

Radar Target Tracking Technology

Key Technologies of 5G-A and 6G

Key Technologies of 5G and Its Evolution

Key Technologies of 5G and Its Evolution

Processing and Application of Marine Target Characteristic Data

Smart Power

Antenna Technology and Its Applications

5G-Advanced and 6G

Smart Agriculture

5G Vertical Industry Application

Microelectronics in Medical and Healthcare

Key Technologies for 6G

Application of Edge Computing in IIoT

Deep Learning and Image Recognization

6G Microwave Millimeter-wave Technology

Radar Processing Technology and Evaluation

Space-Ground Integrated Technology

Industrial Ethernet Network

5G Vertical Industry Application

FPGA and Artificial Intelligence

Innovation and Application of PKS System

5G Network Construction and Optimization

RF and Microwave

Edge Computing

Network and Business Requirements for 6G

5G and Intelligent Transportation

5G R16 Core Network Evolution Technology

Satellite Nevigation Technology

5G R16 Evolution Technology

5G Wireless Network Evolution Technology

5G Network Planning Technology

5G Indoor Coverage Technology

5G MEC and Its Applications

5G Co-construction and Sharing Technology

Expert Forum

5G and Emergency Communication

5G Slicing Technology and Its Applications

Industrial Internet

5G Terminal Key Realization Technology

5G and Artificial Intelligence

5G and Internet of Vehicles

Terahertz Technology and Its Application

Signal and Information Processing

Artificial Intelligence

5G Communication

Internet of Things and the Industrial Big Data

Electronic Techniques of UAV System

Power Electronic Technology

Medical Electronics

Aerospace Electronic Technology

Robot and Industrial Automation

ADAS Technique and Its Implementation

Heterogeneous Computing

2016 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Microsystems

ARINC859 Bus Technology

FC Network Technology

Measurement and Control Technology of Bus Network

GJB288A Bus

Key Techniques of 5G and Algorthm Implement

IEEE-1394 Bus

Signal Conditioning Technology of Sensors

AFDX Network Technology

Discrete Signal Processing

Energy-Efficient Computing

Motor control

2012 Altera Electronic Design Article Contest